satellite geodesy
IKONOS Satellite 3.1
Ikonos satellite is a high-resolution satellite operated by GeoEye. Its well-covered is a multispectral imaging with a resolution of 3.2 meters and near infrared (0.82 mm) panchromatic. Application to the mapping of natural resources and the urban hinterland, natural disaster analysis, forestry, agriculture, mining, construction, tax mapping and change detection. Relefan able to provide data for environmental studies. Ikonos provides an aerial view and satellite images to many places around the world.
Figure 3.1 IKONOS satellite in orbit; Sample Results IKONOS image
IKONOS Satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 24 September 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Period of Operation 7 years
3 Orbit 98.1 degrees, sun synchronous
4 Speed on Orbit 7.5 km / sec
5 speed 6.8 km above the earth / sec
6 speed 7.14 times around the Earth every 24 hours
7 Altitude 681 miles (Low Earth Orbit)
8 Resolution on Nadir 0.82 meter (panchromatic); 3.2 meters (multispectral)
9 Resolution 26 ° Off-Nadir 1.0 meter (panchromatic); 4.0 meters (multispectral)
10 Coverage of 11.3 kilometers at nadir image; 13.8 kilometers at 26 ° off-nadir
Equator Crossing Time 11 10:30 AM solar time
12 Cross Time Birthdays 3 days at 40 ° latitude
13 Channels panchromatic image, blue, green, red, near IR
QuickBird Satellite 3.2
QuickBird is a high-resolution satellite owned by DigitalGlobe. Operated directly by the company. Quickbird BGIS 2000 Sensor uses a sensor with a degree of detail resolution of 0.61 meters. Satellite imagery is an excellent resource in its use for environmental studies and analysis of land use change, agriculture, and forestry. In the industrial sector, satellite imagery can be used for exploration and production of oil / gas, construction engineering, and environmental studies.
Figure 3.2 QuickBird on orbit; QuickBird image in Taiwan after Typhoon Morakot; Satellite Image - Surabaya, Indonesia
QuickBird Satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 24 September 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Aircraft Boeing Delta II launcher
3 Period of Operation 7 years
4 Orbit 97.2 °, sun synchronous
5 Speed in Orbit 7.1 km / sec (25.560 km / h)
6 speed 6.8 km above the earth / sec
7 Accuracy 23 meters horizontal (CE90%)
8 The height of 450 kilometers
9 panchromatic resolution: 61 cm (nadir) to 72 cm (25 ° off-nadir)
Multi Spectral: 2:44 m (nadir) to 2.88 m (25 ° off-nadir))
10 Coverage Image 16.5 km x 16.5 km at nadir
11 Time 10:30 AM Crossing the Equator (descending node) solar time
12 Cross Time Birthdays 1-3.5 days, depending on latitude (30 ° off-nadir)
Image Pan Channel 13: 450-900 nm
Blue: 450-520 nm
Green: 520-600 nm
Red: 630-690 nm
Near IR: 760-900 nm
3.3 The satellite Landsat-7 ETM +
Landsat program began with the launch of Landsat-1 satellite. Landsat-1 is an earth observation satellite (EOS / Earth Observation Sattelite) The first, launched in 1972. This satellite is famous for its ability to record the earth's surface from space. The next generation of Landsat-1 satellite is Landsat-2, 3, 4, 5, and 7. At this time the Landsat-7 satellite-operated staple.
Landsat-7 launched on 15 April 1999. Landsat-7 is equipped with the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +), which is a continuation of the program Thematic Mapper (TM) is carried from the Landsat-5. Channels on this satellite is basically the same as the 7 channels in TM, but expanded with the panchromatic channel 8. Channel 8 is a high resolution channel is an area of 15 meters.
Figure 3.3 Orbit Satellite Landsat-7 ETM +;
Color image of the town was actually Washington DC, Scanned from Landsat 7.
Karaktreristik satellite Landsat-7 ETM +
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 15 April 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Orbit 705 + / - 5 km (at the equator) sun-synchronous
3 Orbit Inclination 98.2 + / - 0.15
4 Period of Orbit 98.9 minutes
5 Altitude 681 kilometers
6 Resolution on the Nadir 30x30 meter (TM), 120 mx 120 m pixel (far-infrared band / band 7)
7 The scope image 185 km (115 miles)
8 Equator Crossing Time 10:30 AM solar time
9 Time Traffic Birthday 16 days (233 orbits)
10 Channels panchromatic image, blue, green, red, near IR, middle IR, far IR, Thermal IR
3.4 ASTER satellite
ASTER satellite is a high-resolution satellites. ASTER was built by a consortium of Japanese government with a diverse group of researchers. ASTER monitoring of cloud cover, ice, land temperature, land use, natural disasters, sea ice, snow cover and vegetation patterns. This image has a spatial resolution of 15 to 90 meters. Multispectral imagery has 14 channels, which facilitate the analysis of objects with a wavelength that is invisible to the human eye as near IR, short wave IR, and Thermal official IR.Penyedia ASTER image is Sattelite Imaging Corporation (SIC) through the USGS.
Figure 3.4 Satellite ASTER; Image Structure Geology rocks in Yemen
ASTER satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 18 December 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Orbit 705 km altitude, sun synchronous
3 Orbit Inclination 98.3 degrees from the equator
Orbit Period 4 98.88 minutes
5 Altitude 681 kilometers
6 Resolution on the Nadir 15 to 90 meters
7 Equator Crossing Time 10:30 AM solar time
8 Time Traffic Birthday 16 days
3.5 Satellite SPOT-5
Earth Observation satellite SPOT-5 successfully placed in orbit with the help of Ariane 4 rocket from the Guiana Space Center in Kourou on May 3, 2002. SPOT-5 satellite offers a good quality of satellite imagery, more cost effective to the needs of satellite imagery. Bias resolution capacity covers an area of 60 x 60 km or 60 km x 120 km in a double instrument. SPOT-5 satellite provides an ideal keseimbangn between high resolution and broad coverage of the image. SPOT-5 image results can be applied to medium-scale mapping (at 1:25 000 and 1:10 000) for rural and urban planning, oil and gas exploration and study management of a disaster.
Figure 3.5 Footprint satellites SPOT-5
SPOT-5 satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
A launch date 3 May 2002 at Guiana Space Centre, Kourou, French Guyana
2 aircraft launcher Ariane 4
High Orbit 3 822 kilometers
4 Orbit Inclination 98.7 °, sun-synchronous
5 speed 7.4 km / second (26.640 km / hour)
6 10:30 AM equator passing time (descending node)
7 When the orbit of 101.4 minutes
8 Time cross over 2-3 days, depending on latitude
9 Coverage area 60 km x 60 km to 80 km at nadir
10 Metric Accuracy <50m horizontal position accuracy (CE90%) 11 Digitization 8 bits 12 Resolution Pan: 5m x 2.5m from 2 scenes Pan: 5m (nadir) MS: 10m (nadir) SWI: 20m (nadir) Image Pan Channel 13: 480-710 nm Green: 500-590 nm Red: 610-680 nm Near IR: 780-890 nm Shortwave IR: 1.580 to 1.750 nm 3.6 WorldView-2 Satellite DigitalGlobe's Worldview-2 satellite launched on 8Oktober 2009, the satellite is capable of producing images panchromatic (B & W) mono and stereo satellite image data up to 0.5 m. WorldView-2 can act like a paint brush, melakuakan multispectral data collection is fairly large area. Worldview-2 itself can cover an area of nearly 1 million km2 per day, doubling the capacity of a collection of [the] [of whom I spoke,] map [we / us] to nearly 2 million km2 per day and is able to re-visit any place on earth in a , 1 day.
Figure 3.6 Satellite-2 WorldViem
WorldView-2 Satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
A launch date October 8, 2009, Vandenberg Air Force Base
7920 Delta 2 launcher aircraft (nine strap-ons)
3 High orbit 770 kilometers
Sun synchronous orbit type 4, 10:30 am (LT) descending node
5 during the period of the orbit of 100 minutes; 7:25 year mission life
6 Satellite Dimensions 4.3 meters x 2.5 meters, 7.1 meters
Bands 7 panchromatic sensor
8 multispectral
8 Dynamic Range 11-bits per pixel
9 TimeDelayIntegration (TDI) panchromatic - 6 selectable levels from 8 to 64
Multispectral - 7 selectable levels from 3 to 24
10 Coverage of 16.4 kilometers at nadir image
11 Attitude Determination and Control 3-axis stabilized
Control Moment Gyros Actuators 12 (CMGS)
Sensors 13 Star trackers, solid state IRU
14 GPS Position Accuracy & Knowledge <500 meters at image start and stop
Acceleration Agility 16 1.5 deg / s / s
Rate: 3.5 deg / s
Time to slew 300 kilometers: 9 seconds
IKONOS Satellite 3.1
Ikonos satellite is a high-resolution satellite operated by GeoEye. Its well-covered is a multispectral imaging with a resolution of 3.2 meters and near infrared (0.82 mm) panchromatic. Application to the mapping of natural resources and the urban hinterland, natural disaster analysis, forestry, agriculture, mining, construction, tax mapping and change detection. Relefan able to provide data for environmental studies. Ikonos provides an aerial view and satellite images to many places around the world.
Figure 3.1 IKONOS satellite in orbit; Sample Results IKONOS image
IKONOS Satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 24 September 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Period of Operation 7 years
3 Orbit 98.1 degrees, sun synchronous
4 Speed on Orbit 7.5 km / sec
5 speed 6.8 km above the earth / sec
6 speed 7.14 times around the Earth every 24 hours
7 Altitude 681 miles (Low Earth Orbit)
8 Resolution on Nadir 0.82 meter (panchromatic); 3.2 meters (multispectral)
9 Resolution 26 ° Off-Nadir 1.0 meter (panchromatic); 4.0 meters (multispectral)
10 Coverage of 11.3 kilometers at nadir image; 13.8 kilometers at 26 ° off-nadir
Equator Crossing Time 11 10:30 AM solar time
12 Cross Time Birthdays 3 days at 40 ° latitude
13 Channels panchromatic image, blue, green, red, near IR
QuickBird Satellite 3.2
QuickBird is a high-resolution satellite owned by DigitalGlobe. Operated directly by the company. Quickbird BGIS 2000 Sensor uses a sensor with a degree of detail resolution of 0.61 meters. Satellite imagery is an excellent resource in its use for environmental studies and analysis of land use change, agriculture, and forestry. In the industrial sector, satellite imagery can be used for exploration and production of oil / gas, construction engineering, and environmental studies.
Figure 3.2 QuickBird on orbit; QuickBird image in Taiwan after Typhoon Morakot; Satellite Image - Surabaya, Indonesia
QuickBird Satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 24 September 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Aircraft Boeing Delta II launcher
3 Period of Operation 7 years
4 Orbit 97.2 °, sun synchronous
5 Speed in Orbit 7.1 km / sec (25.560 km / h)
6 speed 6.8 km above the earth / sec
7 Accuracy 23 meters horizontal (CE90%)
8 The height of 450 kilometers
9 panchromatic resolution: 61 cm (nadir) to 72 cm (25 ° off-nadir)
Multi Spectral: 2:44 m (nadir) to 2.88 m (25 ° off-nadir))
10 Coverage Image 16.5 km x 16.5 km at nadir
11 Time 10:30 AM Crossing the Equator (descending node) solar time
12 Cross Time Birthdays 1-3.5 days, depending on latitude (30 ° off-nadir)
Image Pan Channel 13: 450-900 nm
Blue: 450-520 nm
Green: 520-600 nm
Red: 630-690 nm
Near IR: 760-900 nm
3.3 The satellite Landsat-7 ETM +
Landsat program began with the launch of Landsat-1 satellite. Landsat-1 is an earth observation satellite (EOS / Earth Observation Sattelite) The first, launched in 1972. This satellite is famous for its ability to record the earth's surface from space. The next generation of Landsat-1 satellite is Landsat-2, 3, 4, 5, and 7. At this time the Landsat-7 satellite-operated staple.
Landsat-7 launched on 15 April 1999. Landsat-7 is equipped with the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +), which is a continuation of the program Thematic Mapper (TM) is carried from the Landsat-5. Channels on this satellite is basically the same as the 7 channels in TM, but expanded with the panchromatic channel 8. Channel 8 is a high resolution channel is an area of 15 meters.
Figure 3.3 Orbit Satellite Landsat-7 ETM +;
Color image of the town was actually Washington DC, Scanned from Landsat 7.
Karaktreristik satellite Landsat-7 ETM +
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 15 April 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Orbit 705 + / - 5 km (at the equator) sun-synchronous
3 Orbit Inclination 98.2 + / - 0.15
4 Period of Orbit 98.9 minutes
5 Altitude 681 kilometers
6 Resolution on the Nadir 30x30 meter (TM), 120 mx 120 m pixel (far-infrared band / band 7)
7 The scope image 185 km (115 miles)
8 Equator Crossing Time 10:30 AM solar time
9 Time Traffic Birthday 16 days (233 orbits)
10 Channels panchromatic image, blue, green, red, near IR, middle IR, far IR, Thermal IR
3.4 ASTER satellite
ASTER satellite is a high-resolution satellites. ASTER was built by a consortium of Japanese government with a diverse group of researchers. ASTER monitoring of cloud cover, ice, land temperature, land use, natural disasters, sea ice, snow cover and vegetation patterns. This image has a spatial resolution of 15 to 90 meters. Multispectral imagery has 14 channels, which facilitate the analysis of objects with a wavelength that is invisible to the human eye as near IR, short wave IR, and Thermal official IR.Penyedia ASTER image is Sattelite Imaging Corporation (SIC) through the USGS.
Figure 3.4 Satellite ASTER; Image Structure Geology rocks in Yemen
ASTER satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
1 Release Date 18 December 1999 at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, USA
2 Orbit 705 km altitude, sun synchronous
3 Orbit Inclination 98.3 degrees from the equator
Orbit Period 4 98.88 minutes
5 Altitude 681 kilometers
6 Resolution on the Nadir 15 to 90 meters
7 Equator Crossing Time 10:30 AM solar time
8 Time Traffic Birthday 16 days
3.5 Satellite SPOT-5
Earth Observation satellite SPOT-5 successfully placed in orbit with the help of Ariane 4 rocket from the Guiana Space Center in Kourou on May 3, 2002. SPOT-5 satellite offers a good quality of satellite imagery, more cost effective to the needs of satellite imagery. Bias resolution capacity covers an area of 60 x 60 km or 60 km x 120 km in a double instrument. SPOT-5 satellite provides an ideal keseimbangn between high resolution and broad coverage of the image. SPOT-5 image results can be applied to medium-scale mapping (at 1:25 000 and 1:10 000) for rural and urban planning, oil and gas exploration and study management of a disaster.
Figure 3.5 Footprint satellites SPOT-5
SPOT-5 satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
A launch date 3 May 2002 at Guiana Space Centre, Kourou, French Guyana
2 aircraft launcher Ariane 4
High Orbit 3 822 kilometers
4 Orbit Inclination 98.7 °, sun-synchronous
5 speed 7.4 km / second (26.640 km / hour)
6 10:30 AM equator passing time (descending node)
7 When the orbit of 101.4 minutes
8 Time cross over 2-3 days, depending on latitude
9 Coverage area 60 km x 60 km to 80 km at nadir
10 Metric Accuracy <50m horizontal position accuracy (CE90%) 11 Digitization 8 bits 12 Resolution Pan: 5m x 2.5m from 2 scenes Pan: 5m (nadir) MS: 10m (nadir) SWI: 20m (nadir) Image Pan Channel 13: 480-710 nm Green: 500-590 nm Red: 610-680 nm Near IR: 780-890 nm Shortwave IR: 1.580 to 1.750 nm 3.6 WorldView-2 Satellite DigitalGlobe's Worldview-2 satellite launched on 8Oktober 2009, the satellite is capable of producing images panchromatic (B & W) mono and stereo satellite image data up to 0.5 m. WorldView-2 can act like a paint brush, melakuakan multispectral data collection is fairly large area. Worldview-2 itself can cover an area of nearly 1 million km2 per day, doubling the capacity of a collection of [the] [of whom I spoke,] map [we / us] to nearly 2 million km2 per day and is able to re-visit any place on earth in a , 1 day.
Figure 3.6 Satellite-2 WorldViem
WorldView-2 Satellite Karaktreristik
No. Description of Characteristics
A launch date October 8, 2009, Vandenberg Air Force Base
7920 Delta 2 launcher aircraft (nine strap-ons)
3 High orbit 770 kilometers
Sun synchronous orbit type 4, 10:30 am (LT) descending node
5 during the period of the orbit of 100 minutes; 7:25 year mission life
6 Satellite Dimensions 4.3 meters x 2.5 meters, 7.1 meters
Bands 7 panchromatic sensor
8 multispectral
8 Dynamic Range 11-bits per pixel
9 TimeDelayIntegration (TDI) panchromatic - 6 selectable levels from 8 to 64
Multispectral - 7 selectable levels from 3 to 24
10 Coverage of 16.4 kilometers at nadir image
11 Attitude Determination and Control 3-axis stabilized
Control Moment Gyros Actuators 12 (CMGS)
Sensors 13 Star trackers, solid state IRU
14 GPS Position Accuracy & Knowledge <500 meters at image start and stop
Acceleration Agility 16 1.5 deg / s / s
Rate: 3.5 deg / s
Time to slew 300 kilometers: 9 seconds